The French Senate, the upper house of the French Parliament. | Credit: Jacques Paquier (CC BY 2.0)

Jan 16, 2026 / 11:00 am (CNA).

French Catholic bishops have issued a public statement urging lawmakers to reject a proposed law that would legalize euthanasia and assisted suicide in France. The warning comes days before the French Senate is scheduled to debate the “end of life” bill between Jan. 20 and Jan. 26.

The bill, which was already passed by the National Assembly in May 2025, would establish a new “right to die” for gravely ill adults, but France’s bishops argue it would threaten the most fragile and undermine the respect due to every human life.

The pro-euthanasia legislation was adopted by France’ s lower house on May 27, 2025, with 305 votes in favor and 199 against.

It would allow any French resident over 18 suffering from a serious and incurable condition that is life-threatening, advanced, or terminal to seek medical help to end his or her life. Eligible patients must be experiencing constant, unbearable physical or psychological suffering that cannot be relieved, though psychological suffering alone would not qualify.

A particularly contentious provision in the euthanasia law is a new offense of “obstructing aid-in-dying.” Lawmakers amended the bill to mirror France’s existing penalties for blocking access to abortion. Anyone who prevents or dissuades a patient from exercising the right to euthanasia could face up to two years in prison and a 30,000-euro (approximately $35,000) fine.

This clause has alarmed Catholic institutions, which fear it targets hospitals or care homes that refuse to participate in intentional life-ending procedures.

Bishops cite ethical risks and gaps in end-of-life care

French bishops reaffirmed their “profound respect” for those facing end-of-life suffering along with the pain, fear of dependence, and loneliness they face, while stressing that “these fears are real.”

They called for human, fraternal, medical, and social responses, not legislation that permits intentional killing. They warned that integrating euthanasia into medical care would alter the “nature of our social contract” by blurring ethical boundaries and presenting assisted death as a form of treatment.

The bishops also pointed to persistent gaps in France’s palliative care system, noting that nearly a quarter of palliative care needs remain unmet, leaving many patients without adequate pain relief, accompaniment, or human presence. They argued that claims that “people die badly in France” stem not from the absence of assisted dying but from unequal access to care and insufficient enforcement of existing end-of-life laws.

According to the bishops, medical advances now allow most severe pain to be effectively managed, yet access to such care varies widely by region. Rather than offering death as a legal option, they insisted, France must first ensure equitable, effective access to palliative care, support, and solidarity for all those approaching the end of life.

Threat to Catholic hospitals and conscience rights

In an op-ed published by various French Catholic leaders and religious figures, concern is expressed over the bill’s lack of protection for institutional conscience rights. The proposed law stipulates that “the head of the facility or service is required to permit” the practice of euthanasia and assisted suicide. This means a Catholic hospital could be legally compelled to let an outside physician come in to administer a lethal injection to a patient, even though it directly contradicts the institution’s mission to heal and comfort.

Catholic health care congregations have decried this obligation as an assault on religious freedom. Their arguments rest on their congregations’ historical commitment to caring for people until their natural death — they cannot participate in euthanasia without betraying their core Catholic beliefs.

Across Europe, even countries with legal euthanasia, such as the Netherlands, maintain at least some protections for conscience. No European law currently in force goes as far as the French proposal in punishing institutions that uphold a pro-life stance. This comparative context bolsters various arguments that the bill before the French Senate is among the most permissive in the world and would set a troubling precedent.

As the French Senate analyzes the euthanasia bill on Jan. 20, French Catholics are being encouraged to pray, to contact their legislators, and to “not remain silent” in defense of life. The French Bishops’ Conference has even provided letter templates and posters with the slogan “DISONS NON,” “Let’s say NO,” with regard to euthanasia and assisted suicide.